Moen Jodaro(موئن جودڑو)

The areas of our beloved country Pakistan are very prominent and have been the cradle of the oldest known civilization of mankind. Among these ancient civilizations are Harapa (Sahiwal), Kotdiji (Khairpur district), Ranikot (Ranikot), Amri (Dado district), Taxila and many other civilizations. Here we are the great civilization of the Indus Valley. Moen who will mention Daru.
Moin Jo Daro or Mohan Jo Daro which is called Mound of Dead in Urdu and Mound of Dead in English. In 1922, in search of Buddhist relics and places of worship, a Stupa was excavated on a big mound about 28 km south of Larkana, and some coins and a seal were found there. Sahiwal) was similar to the culture.
After that, when this mound was regularly excavated, the people interested in the ancient civilization and the researchers were surprised because the civilization that is about 5000 thousand years old appeared again. The vast ruined settlement of Moin Jo Daro is a beautiful picture of our glorious past and a sticky sign of our old greatness, which our motherland considered blessed and hidden in her arms for hundreds of years, which was finally discovered by archaeologists through their tireless efforts. From page entity appeared again. Due to which the facts about the customs, skills, religion and administrative abilities of the early inhabitants of the Indus Valley were discovered, due to which the eyes of those who are interested in history and archeology around the world were drawn towards it. Moin Jodaro in Larkana District of Northern Sindh
The temple is about 12 km (east) from Dockri (Moin Jo Daro) railway station on the Karachi-Milway line. It is located about 28 km south of Larkana city and on the right bank of the river
After the excavation of Moin, it was found that it was a prosperous and developed city in the past and has become a pile of rubble. If you stand on a high place, you will see six or seven neighborhoods of this city and each neighborhood is spread over 1200 feet in the south and 800 feet in the east-west. These neighborhoods are separated from each other by wide roads. The excavated city consists of an irregular series of mounds divided into two parts

Upper part:

The discovered city consists of an irregular series of mounds which have two parts. 1. Upper part: There is a large swimming pool in this part of the city. The home of religious leaders, the Jamia or Madrasah, a pillared hall, Badha Stupa (Buddhist Stupa) built long after the destruction and includes an oval well.

2. Lower part:

In the lower part there are residential houses, shops, markets and wells etc. 

Introduction to upper extremity niches

 Stupa:

Stupa is a building of Buddhist era. Its height and attraction attracted the archaeologist Yen. This stupa is about 70 feet high from the ground level. Which is made of bricks and mortar. A person had dug a 14-feet deep trench inside it in search of diamonds and gems and had taken some antiques which he thought were useless. When they met the archaeologists, they understood that an ancient civilization of the past was buried here. Excavation started from there. At this time the dome of the stupa has collapsed and the remaining half of its structure remains. It has a diameter of 33.6 feet which is located on a 8.4 feet high platform.

Big tank:

To the northeast of the stupa is a large rectangular tank. Its length is 29 feet and width is 23 feet. In order to get down into the reservoir, there are seats in the north and south. A porch is built around the tank. Where small rooms are built and in the middle there is a big room where a well is built. From which it is known that the reservoir used to be filled with water from this well. There is a good water drainage system of the tank. There are eight breeding rooms built next to the tank so that the body can be washed with clean water before and after bathing. This tank shows that special people such as chiefs, officials and other dignitaries used to bathe here.

Jamia or madrassa:

Between the said tank and the stupa is a magnificent building measuring 253 feet 7 inches in length and 78 feet 5 inches in breadth. From this it can be inferred that it was a Pandit's house or a seminary or university. The walls of this building are 4 feet wide, which suggests that it was a two-storied building surrounded by several smaller living rooms. From which it can be inferred that it was probably a hostel where students used to stay.

Lower city:

The lower city which consists of houses and shops etc. All the houses here are made of bricks, after considering them we can easily say that these people had great skill in architecture. Their houses, not two, kabs, wells, roads all bear witness to the fact that there was a beautiful city in the past, which today is a pile of dirt. Their embellishment while building the city below

Durability and strength have been specially considered. The length and width of the rooms are less than our current rooms because they have very wide walls. Besari is made of bricks and mortar in the wall. The roads and streets here are quite spacious and clean. Most of the streets are built on the north-south and east-west direction. It is believed that these sides of the paths are made keeping in view the direction of the winds. In Wells: Wells are the main feature of Moin Jodaro. After every excavation, it has been found that almost every house has a well. In addition, in the common places of the city and in every square were dug in the cut. Most of the wells have been made round but in some places there are also oval shaped wells. About these wells Muhammad and S. Siddiqui Sahib (Jo Moin who was also a member of the team that excavated Daru) writes that:
The well Moin which is the main feature of Daru. Despite being thousands of years old, after cleaning the garbage, they still have very clean and cold water. At the time when the excavations started here, the archaeological workers and workers had to fetch water from a distance of three miles to drink. To avoid this problem, old wells were dug and after cleaning, cold and sweet water was obtained.
Azako is about 200 feet deep.

Cleaning:

The people of Moenjo Daro were very concerned about cleanliness. There was good drainage through roads, wells and streets. Paved drains were built on both sides of the streets, which took the water to the big drains. These drains were covered from above. The dirty water or rain water of the houses did not go into the drains, but small reservoirs were made inside or outside the houses where the small drains carried the dirty water. and there was no question of sewer system failure. Where the poor people could not build these reservoirs, they used to keep big dams and then the water would flow out of them. Looking at all these things, it can be claimed that no other nation was second to them in contemporary times.

 Bathroom:

In Moin Jo Daro, some places have also been found which are believed to be hammams (bathrooms). The walls of these places are covered with moles and coal and ash have been found inside which can be guessed. That these were all or bathrooms.

Coins:

Various objects have been found here after excavation. These include coins, pottery, bronze weapons, stone statues, etc. By looking at these objects, it can be inferred that these people were well aware and expert in using clay, bronze, clay and stone. The coins found here have the image of a bull on them. After the excavation of the houses, gold, silver ornaments, bronze and clay pots and toys have also been found. Knives are also available for cutting. Which are made of stone. Many types of sculptures and images of animals have been found. The most important image is that of a bull and the bull is also a vehicle. Surprisingly, no sign or image of a horse was found here.

source of income :

The livelihood here was agriculture. Rotten grains of wheat and barley have been found here. A piece of cloth and a hoe for spinning yarn have also been discovered, which suggests that these people were also familiar with the cotton crop. Bullock carts and bullock marks also bear testimony to the fact that the Belogs used these bullocks in agricultural work.

Religion: 

There is no specific evidence about the religion here, but what has been discovered here suggests that these people were idolaters and worshiped animals, gods, trees and fire. Many idols of goddesses and gods have been found here and those found in seals have images of animals and trees. Among these trees, peel, team and berry are of special importance.

Destruction of Moenjo Daro:

The mystery of how this great civilization was destroyed is still unknown, but it can be assumed that there was either an earthquake that destroyed the city. Or due to its location on the banks of the Indus River, a great flood occurred and destroyed the city, or a nation from the north wreaked havoc and put this civilization to sleep forever.
Moen Jo Daro is now famous all over the world. Thousands of tourists from abroad come here. A museum has also been built here. In which things are kept here. Apart from this, there is also an archaeological office and a guest house. An airport is also established here.
Here are the ruins of an apparently deserted city where bricks and the like can be seen, but in the eyes of experts this mound is a great treasure. From which the people of ancient times and their mortgages seem to be. However, we have to admit that the rise of urban planning and architectural art was the result of centuries of continuous practical efforts of the ancient descendants of the Indus Valley.